Glasgow, United Kingdom
Tier 2 · needs Kp 5 · Bortle 8. Live answer for Glasgow tonight.
Crunching NOAA Kp, cloud cover, moon phase and darkness for Edinburgh…
connecting to NOAA SWPC + Open-Meteo…
Edinburgh is well outside the normal aurora zone, so a display here requires a genuinely strong geomagnetic storm — which is exactly why the sightings that do happen make the news.
Edinburgh needs Kp 5 — a G1 storm, which the sun delivers fairly often near solar maximum. The city sits on the Firth of Forth at the latitude of southern Alaska, so the northern horizon over the water is genuinely dark enough on a storm night; what you are watching for is a green glow and the occasional tall ray low over the estuary rather than the overhead curtains people picture.
Edinburgh's deep-dark season runs from about **11 Aug** to about **1 May**: 264 nights a year on which the sun sits at least 18° below the horizon and the sky is genuinely black. Those dates come out of the city's latitude and longitude, not out of a regional generalisation. The counter-season is just as clearly defined: from about **2 May** to **10 Aug** (101 nights) the sun never gets 18° below the horizon, so the sky never reaches full darkness, and between roughly 27 May and 16 Jul it does not get properly dark at all — no display, however strong, is visible in that stretch.
On the darkest night of the year the sun sinks to 57.5° below the horizon at Edinburgh — deep enough that the sky itself stops being the limiting factor. From roughly 2 May to 10 Aug the nights never reach full astronomical darkness, so the practical season is shorter than the calendar suggests.
The Firth of Forth and the coast east of the city give you water and a low northern horizon; the hills inside the city lift you above the street lighting but not above the light dome.
Your viewing direction is fixed by Edinburgh's position relative to the magnetic pole: look north, low on the horizon at first, and find somewhere that side is open and unlit. The "best window" figure above is simply the first hour tonight where cloud cover falls under roughly 40% while the sky is dark enough here to show anything.
Here is what each Kp value would actually put in Edinburgh's sky — the row that matters is the one at Kp 5, which is where this city's magnetic latitude of 56° places its threshold:
| Kp index | What you'd see from Edinburgh |
|---|---|
| Kp 0 | No display at this latitude; the activity is confined north of Edinburgh. Nothing to plan around — save the trip for a stronger forecast. |
| Kp 1 | Nothing from Edinburgh — the oval stays too far north. Worth knowing so that a quiet night reads as expected rather than disappointing. |
| Kp 2 | Not visible here. On these nights a trip north would be the only option. On those nights the forecast at the top of this page will say NO, and that is the honest answer. |
| Kp 3 | Marginal: expect at most a dull arc low in the north, and only away from town. A camera will pull more colour out of this than your eyes will. |
| Kp 4 | Marginal: expect at most a dull arc low in the north, and only away from town. Check the cloud forecast before committing to the drive. |
| Kp 5 | Visible low on the northern horizon from Edinburgh — active arcs, and movement you can see with the naked eye. Have a dark-sky spot picked out before you set off. |
| Kp 6 | A good display: brighter arcs, rays climbing higher, curtains beginning to form overhead. Get out early — the best structure often arrives in the first hour. |
| Kp 7 | Storm-level display — vivid colour, fast movement, and the aurora high overhead. Give your eyes time to adapt — the colour is obvious once they do. |
| Kp 8 | Exceptional event (G4–G5). At this level the display can fill the whole sky above Edinburgh, not just the northern horizon. Find a wide-open horizon — at this level the display can move overhead. |
| Kp 9 | Severe storm (G4–G5): the aurora reaches deep into mid-latitudes. From Edinburgh, look straight up — it can be everywhere. Rare enough that it is worth cancelling other plans for. |
The most common reason people in Edinburgh miss a display is not a bad forecast — it is staying inside the city. At Bortle class 7, a Kp 5 event that would be obvious from open country can be completely invisible from a lit street. If the answer above says GO or MAYBE, treat the drive out of town as part of the plan rather than an optional extra.
Tonight's verdict for Edinburgh weights five inputs: the live Kp forecast measured against this city's own Kp 5 threshold (35%), night-average cloud cover at 55.95°, -3.19° (25%), moon illumination (15%), the astronomical darkness window computed for this latitude (15%), and light pollution at Bortle class 7 (10%). How the score is built, where the numbers come from and where the method can go wrong are all set out on our methodology page. There is nothing to install and nothing to sign up for: the calculation runs in your browser against NOAA and Open-Meteo. The only third parties are anonymous analytics and Google's ad script — our privacy page lists what each one does.
For Edinburgh the practical figure is Kp 5. Because it comes from magnetic latitude (56°), it does not vary with the season or the solar cycle — and it is the exact number the answer at the top of this page is checked against. Anything below it and the oval stays too far northern.
Five inputs, refreshed every 15 minutes: the NOAA SWPC Kp forecast, hourly cloud cover for Edinburgh's coordinates from Open-Meteo, the moon, this latitude's astronomical darkness window, and Bortle 7 skies. Where the science genuinely cannot resolve the night ahead — substorm timing inside a three-hour Kp interval — the page says MAYBE instead of inventing certainty.
On the darkest night of the year the sun reaches 57.5° below the horizon, and it clears 18° on 264 nights annually. Between roughly 2 May and 10 Aug it does not, so the sky never gets fully dark in that stretch.
In principle, but not on a typical night. With Bortle 7 skies, Edinburgh's light dome hides everything short of a bright, active display. The difference between watching from the centre and watching from dark ground half an hour away is not marginal — it is the difference between a grey smudge and something you will remember.
The season here is set by the sun rather than the calendar: full astronomical darkness runs from about 11 Aug to about 1 May, 264 nights in total. The 101 nights between roughly 2 May and 10 Aug never get dark enough, and the engine returns NO through them rather than overstating what you would see.
Tier 2 · needs Kp 5 · Bortle 8. Live answer for Glasgow tonight.
Tier 2 · needs Kp 5 · Bortle 6. Live answer for Aberdeen tonight.
Tier 2 · needs Kp 5 · Bortle 5. Live answer for Inverness tonight.
Tier 2 · needs Kp 6 · Bortle 8. Live answer for Newcastle tonight.
Tier 2 · needs Kp 6 · Bortle 7. Live answer for Belfast tonight.
Tier 3 · needs Kp 7 · Bortle 9. Live answer for London tonight.
Tier 3 · needs Kp 6 · Bortle 9. Live answer for Manchester tonight.
Tier 2 · needs Kp 6 · Bortle 7. Live answer for Dublin tonight.