Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Tier 2 · needs Kp 5 · Bortle 7. Live answer for Edinburgh tonight.
Crunching NOAA Kp, cloud cover, moon phase and darkness for Glasgow…
connecting to NOAA SWPC + Open-Meteo…
Glasgow is well outside the normal aurora zone, so a display here requires a genuinely strong geomagnetic storm — which is exactly why the sightings that do happen make the news.
Glasgow needs Kp 5, the same threshold as Edinburgh, but the west coast has a harder time delivering a clear night: this side of Scotland takes the Atlantic weather head-on. On the clear storm nights that do arrive, the city is bright and spread out, so the drive out of the Clyde valley is part of the plan rather than an afterthought.
Counted properly, Glasgow gets 264 nights of astronomical darkness a year. They begin around **11 Aug** and end about **1 May**, and inside that window the sky is dark enough that the only things standing between you and a display are cloud and geomagnetic activity. The counter-season is just as clearly defined: from about **2 May** to **10 Aug** (101 nights) the sun never gets 18° below the horizon, so the sky never reaches full darkness, and between roughly 27 May and 16 Jul it does not get properly dark at all — no display, however strong, is visible in that stretch.
The dark half of the year at Glasgow delivers a genuinely black sky, with the sun 57.6° below the horizon at its deepest. The bright half is the trade-off: from around 2 May to 10 Aug the sun stays above 18° below the horizon, and nothing short of a major storm has a chance.
Head away from the Clyde valley to the north or east, where the ground rises and the city's light falls behind you.
Face north. Auroral light comes from the oval that rings the magnetic pole, and from Glasgow that ring lies to the north — so a rooftop, a treeline or a bright shopfront on that side costs you the display no matter how good the forecast is. As for timing, the "best window" figure near the top is the first hour where cloud sits below about 40% during this latitude's darkness.
Kp is a planetary number, and the only way to read it usefully is against this city's own threshold. For Glasgow that threshold is Kp 5, set by a magnetic latitude of 55.9°:
| Kp index | What Kp means in Glasgow |
|---|---|
| Kp 0 | No display at this latitude; the activity is confined north of Glasgow. Nothing to plan around — save the trip for a stronger forecast. |
| Kp 1 | No display at this latitude; the activity is confined north of Glasgow. Worth knowing so that a quiet night reads as expected rather than disappointing. |
| Kp 2 | No display at this latitude; the activity is confined north of Glasgow. On those nights the forecast at the top of this page will say NO, and that is the honest answer. |
| Kp 3 | Possible as a low smudge from a dark-sky site — the city's own light will beat it. Give your eyes 20 minutes to adapt before deciding it is a no. |
| Kp 4 | Possible as a low smudge from a dark-sky site — the city's own light will beat it. A camera will pull more colour out of this than your eyes will. |
| Kp 5 | Visible low on the northern horizon from Glasgow — active arcs, and movement you can see with the naked eye. Worth clearing an evening for if the cloud cooperates. |
| Kp 6 | Worth clearing your evening for: structure, movement and colour, with rays extending high into the sky. This is the range where phone cameras start to work. |
| Kp 7 | A big night: the lights are overhead rather than on the horizon, moving quickly and showing strong colour. These are the nights people travel for. |
| Kp 8 | Once-a-cycle territory (G4–G5). Displays of this size have been seen overhead at latitudes like Glasgow's. Find a wide-open horizon — at this level the display can move overhead. |
| Kp 9 | Once-a-cycle territory (G4–G5). Displays of this size have been seen overhead at latitudes like Glasgow's. Rare enough that it is worth cancelling other plans for. |
At Bortle class 8, Glasgow's own light is the biggest single obstacle between the forecast and what you actually see. A Kp 5 night that shows beautifully from open country shows as nothing from a lit street. When the verdict above is GO or MAYBE, budget the drive out of town into the evening.
Tonight's verdict for Glasgow weights five inputs: the live Kp forecast measured against this city's own Kp 5 threshold (35%), night-average cloud cover at 55.86°, -4.25° (25%), moon illumination (15%), the astronomical darkness window computed for this latitude (15%), and light pollution at Bortle class 8 (10%). The scoring method, its inputs and its failure modes are written up in full on our methodology page. No account, no app, no email address — everything above is computed in your browser from NOAA and Open-Meteo data. Anonymous analytics and Google's advertising script are the only third parties involved, both explained on the privacy page.
Treat Kp 5 as the number to watch in the forecast above. It is derived from Glasgow's magnetic latitude of 55.9°, which is what actually governs how far northern the oval has to be pushed before the lights reach you — geographic latitude is a rough proxy for that at best.
Astronomical darkness runs from about 11 Aug to about 1 May. Between roughly 2 May and 10 Aug the sun never gets 18° below the horizon, so the sky never reaches full darkness — our engine returns NO during that stretch instead of pretending otherwise. Within any dark night, 21:00–01:00 local is the most active window.
Four of the five inputs are measured, not modelled: NOAA's Kp forecast (good to roughly 12 hours), Open-Meteo cloud for Glasgow's exact coordinates, moon illumination, and the darkness window computed for this latitude. The fifth is Bortle 8 light pollution. Where the forecast is genuinely uncertain — substorm timing at minute scale — the page shows MAYBE rather than a false GO.
On the darkest night of the year the sun reaches 57.6° below the horizon, and it clears 18° on 264 nights annually. Between roughly 2 May and 10 Aug it does not, so the sky never gets fully dark in that stretch.
In principle, but not on a typical night. With Bortle 8 skies, Glasgow's light dome hides everything short of a bright, active display. The difference between watching from the centre and watching from dark ground half an hour away is not marginal — it is the difference between a grey smudge and something you will remember.
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